S3C24XX ARM Linux Overview¶
Introduction¶
The Samsung S3C24XX range of ARM9 System-on-Chip CPUs are supported by the ‘s3c2410’ architecture of ARM Linux. Currently the S3C2410, S3C2412, S3C2413, S3C2416, S3C2440, S3C2442, S3C2443 and S3C2450 devices are supported.
Support for the S3C2400 and S3C24A0 series was never completed and the corresponding code has been removed after a while. If someone wishes to revive this effort, partial support can be retrieved from earlier Linux versions.
The S3C2416 and S3C2450 devices are very similar and S3C2450 support is included under the arch/arm/mach-s3c2416 directory. Note, while core support for these SoCs is in, work on some of the extra peripherals and extra interrupts is still ongoing.
Configuration¶
A generic S3C2410 configuration is provided, and can be used as the default by make s3c2410_defconfig. This configuration has support for all the machines, and the commonly used features on them.
Certain machines may have their own default configurations as well, please check the machine specific documentation.
Layout¶
The core support files are located in the platform code contained in arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx with headers in include/asm-arm/plat-s3c24xx. This directory should be kept to items shared between the platform code (arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx) and the arch/arm/mach-s3c24* code.
Each cpu has a directory with the support files for it, and the machines that carry the device. For example S3C2410 is contained in arch/arm/mach-s3c2410 and S3C2440 in arch/arm/mach-s3c2440
Register, kernel and platform data definitions are held in the arch/arm/mach-s3c2410 directory./include/mach
arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx:
Files in here are either common to all the s3c24xx family, or are common to only some of them with names to indicate this status. The files that are not common to all are generally named with the initial cpu they support in the series to ensure a short name without any possibility of confusion with newer devices.
As an example, initially s3c244x would cover s3c2440 and s3c2442, but with the s3c2443 which does not share many of the same drivers in this directory, the name becomes invalid. We stick to s3c2440-<x> to indicate a driver that is s3c2440 and s3c2442 compatible.
This does mean that to find the status of any given SoC, a number of directories may need to be searched.
Machines¶
The currently supported machines are as follows:
Simtec Electronics EB2410ITX (BAST)
A general purpose development board, see EB2410ITX.txt for further details
Simtec Electronics IM2440D20 (Osiris)
CPU Module from Simtec Electronics, with a S3C2440A CPU, nand flash and a PCMCIA controller.
Samsung SMDK2410
Samsung’s own development board, geared for PDA work.
Samsung/Aiji SMDK2412
The S3C2412 version of the SMDK2440.
Samsung/Aiji SMDK2413
The S3C2412 version of the SMDK2440.
Samsung/Meritech SMDK2440
The S3C2440 compatible version of the SMDK2440, which has the option of an S3C2440 or S3C2442 CPU module.
Thorcom VR1000
Custom embedded board
HP IPAQ 1940
Handheld (IPAQ), available in several varieties
HP iPAQ rx3715
S3C2440 based IPAQ, with a number of variations depending on features shipped.
Acer N30
A S3C2410 based PDA from Acer. There is a Wiki page at http://handhelds.org/moin/moin.cgi/AcerN30Documentation .
AML M5900
American Microsystems’ M5900
Nex Vision Nexcoder Nex Vision Otom
Two machines by Nex Vision
Adding New Machines¶
The architecture has been designed to support as many machines as can be configured for it in one kernel build, and any future additions should keep this in mind before altering items outside of their own machine files.
Machine definitions should be kept in linux/arch/arm/mach-s3c2410, and there are a number of examples that can be looked at.
Read the kernel patch submission policies as well as the Documentation/arm directory before submitting patches. The ARM kernel series is managed by Russell King, and has a patch system located at http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/developer/patches/ as well as mailing lists that can be found from the same site.
As a courtesy, please notify <ben-linux@fluff.org> of any new machines or other modifications.
Any large scale modifications, or new drivers should be discussed on the ARM kernel mailing list (linux-arm-kernel) before being attempted. See http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/mailinglists/ for the mailing list information.
I2C¶
The hardware I2C core in the CPU is supported in single master mode, and can be configured via platform data.
RTC¶
Support for the onboard RTC unit, including alarm function.
This has recently been upgraded to use the new RTC core, and the module has been renamed to rtc-s3c to fit in with the new rtc naming scheme.
Watchdog¶
The onchip watchdog is available via the standard watchdog interface.
NAND¶
The current kernels now have support for the s3c2410 NAND controller. If there are any problems the latest linux-mtd code can be found from http://www.linux-mtd.infradead.org/
For more information see Documentation/arm/samsung-s3c24xx/nand.rst
SD/MMC¶
The SD/MMC hardware pre S3C2443 is supported in the current kernel, the driver is drivers/mmc/host/s3cmci.c and supports 1 and 4 bit SD or MMC cards.
The SDIO behaviour of this driver has not been fully tested. There is no current support for hardware SDIO interrupts.
Serial¶
The s3c2410 serial driver provides support for the internal serial ports. These devices appear as /dev/ttySAC0 through 3.
To create device nodes for these, use the following commands
mknod ttySAC0 c 204 64 mknod ttySAC1 c 204 65 mknod ttySAC2 c 204 66
GPIO¶
The core contains support for manipulating the GPIO, see the documentation in GPIO.txt in the same directory as this file.
Newer kernels carry GPIOLIB, and support is being moved towards this with some of the older support in line to be removed.
As of v2.6.34, the move towards using gpiolib support is almost complete, and very little of the old calls are left.
See Documentation/arm/samsung-s3c24xx/gpio.rst for the S3C24XX specific support and Documentation/arm/samsung/gpio.rst for the core Samsung implementation.
Clock Management¶
The core provides the interface defined in the header file include/asm-arm/hardware/clock.h, to allow control over the various clock units
Suspend to RAM¶
For boards that provide support for suspend to RAM, the system can be placed into low power suspend.
See Suspend.txt for more information.
SPI¶
SPI drivers are available for both the in-built hardware (although there is no DMA support yet) and a generic GPIO based solution.
LEDs¶
There is support for GPIO based LEDs via a platform driver in the LED subsystem.
Platform Data¶
Whenever a device has platform specific data that is specified on a per-machine basis, care should be taken to ensure the following:
that default data is not left in the device to confuse the driver if a machine does not set it at startup
the data should (if possible) be marked as __initdata, to ensure that the data is thrown away if the machine is not the one currently in use.
The best way of doing this is to make a function that
kmalloc()s an area of memory, and copies the __initdata and then sets the relevant device’s platform data. Making the function __init takes care of ensuring it is discarded with the rest of the initialisation code:static __init void s3c24xx_xxx_set_platdata(struct xxx_data *pd) { struct s3c2410_xxx_mach_info *npd; npd = kmalloc(sizeof(struct s3c2410_xxx_mach_info), GFP_KERNEL); if (npd) { memcpy(npd, pd, sizeof(struct s3c2410_xxx_mach_info)); s3c_device_xxx.dev.platform_data = npd; } else { printk(KERN_ERR "no memory for xxx platform data\n"); } } Note, since the code is marked as __init, it should not be exported outside arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/, or exported to modules via EXPORT_SYMBOL() and related functions.
Port Contributors¶
Ben Dooks (BJD) Vincent Sanders Herbert Potzl Arnaud Patard (RTP) Roc Wu Klaus Fetscher Dimitry Andric Shannon Holland Guillaume Gourat (NexVision) Christer Weinigel (wingel) (Acer N30) Lucas Correia Villa Real (S3C2400 port)